As news comes out every week about new technologies, from new crypto wallets to generative AI to self-driving taxis, it can get overwhelming for most of us to keep up or to understand the new intricacies of technology, and it can get easy to say, “The IT department has it covered.” Well, do they have it covered?
Far too often, companies fail to protect its data with the same muster as its financial security until it is too late. Just as a healthy business will regularly conduct audits of its accounting processes to detect potential fraud, ensure regulatory compliance, and locate areas of improvement for the organization, the same should be done for a business’s data security practices. Key components of any organization are its people and its information, and the IT department is in charge of protecting that information.
We as business people need to ensure that the company’s technology personnel are indeed securing one of the company’s most valuable assets: information.
Big picture: Your business needs to follow an audit process
- Confirm the scope of your data
- Conduct an internal review of all security practices
- Conduct a review of all vendor practices that have access to your data
- Confirm compliance with regulations and contractual obligations
- Prepare a report with detailed findings and recommendations to improve on year-over-year
Data: What do you have and what duties does it require?
Personal information, particularly when it belongs to customers, is the most frequently compromised type of data. Under laws like the newly passed Texas Data Privacy and Security Act (TDPSA), businesses can have additional obligations to keep this information protected. Personal information can include any information “that is linked or reasonably linkable to an identified or identifiable individual.”
Sensitive data also requires extra precaution, which means protecting (1) personal data that reveals racial or ethnic origin, religious beliefs, mental or physical health diagnosis, sexuality, or citizenship or immigration status; (2) genetic or biometric data that is processed for the purpose of uniquely identifying an individual; (3) personal data collected from a known child; or (4) precise geolocation data.
Other types of data to watch out for include the business’s intellectual property, anonymized customer data, employee personal information, and any other type of proprietary business data. Depending on the industry, the cost of a breach of any of these types of data could be incredibly high, particularly for healthcare and finance.
Ultimately, Texas businesses are required to maintain reasonable procedures to protect personal information, and there may be other laws implicated such as HIPAA, GLBA, CCPA/CPRA, BIPA, GDPR, PIPEDA, and many more, depending on where business is done, the industry implicated, and, in some cases, where customers are located.
"But I think the vendor is responsible."
Check your contracts, and check if the law requires you to have a duty to protect the compromised information, as many do. Involve your IT department in the review of technical compliance whenever you are sharing data with a third party. Further, it is important to make sure that however the Data Processing Addendum says the vendor is processing data is how they are actually processing data. To that point, if you are processing someone else’s data, your business also needs to be doing what it says it is doing, in contracts with third parties and in your Privacy Policy.
Software as a service arrangements, end user license agreements, and other internet and software-based services may require you to hand over data and not give you the opportunity to customize and shift risk. This is why it is important to thoroughly evaluate what technical protections are in place because the risk and duty may still fall on your business regarding the data of your customers and employees. Ask yourself (or your IT professionals) if the vendor actually needs the data they receive to provide services to you.
Key takeaway: Stay informed
Your business needs checks and balances in place with the IT department to ensure you know what they are (or are not) doing and what they are supposed to do. You need policies and procedures, and they need to regularly be tested.
Do you know where your data is stored, both internally and with third parties? Who controls it? How is it being processed, and is anything being shared? Are encryption procedures in place? Firewalls, Intrusion Protection Systems, and End-Point Detection and Response? Do you and your vendors have Incident Response Plans? Stay informed and regularly check your security procedures to protect yourself, your business, and your customers.
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Courtney Gahm-Oldham is partner at Frost Brown Todd. Lauren Cole is associate at Frost Brown Todd.
Kinder leads 19 Houstonians on Forbes' World's Billionaires List 2026Pictured: Nancy and Richard Kinder, the richest Houstonian, according to the Forbes 400. Photo by Michelle Watson/Catchlight Group
