MD Anderson Cancer Center received $3 million to establish a new genomics research hub. Photo by F. Carter Smith/Courtesy of MD Anderson

Houston’s University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center will create a genomics research hub thanks to a nearly $3 million award from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas, or CPRIT.

“This groundbreaking facility will have a profound impact on cancer research, and improving the diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients in Texas,” says CPRIT.

CPRIT gave the monetary award to Nicholas Navin, a professor at MD Anderson and at the biomedical sciences school within the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston).

The new facility will specialize in advanced spatial genomics, which creates a three-dimensional “atlas” that’s been dubbed “the Google Map of the human body,” according to CPRIT.

“Spatial genomics is an exciting new field that allows cancer researchers to directly connect the images of cells and their tissue structures with genomic data while preserving the spatial context,” CPRIT explains. “This provides the researchers with the ability to see exactly where distinct types of cells are located within a tumor, and determine the genes and proteins they are expressing.”

Until recently, most genomic technologies such as DNA and RNA sequencing required scientists to “grind up” tumor tissues to extract molecules for analysis, according to CPRIT.

“This process means losing the complex composition of the different cell types and their spatial arrangement within the tumor, which makes it difficult to understand the complex environment of cancer cells,” the institute adds.

MD Anderson’s new genomics hub will feature tissue processing, slide imaging, spatial genomics technologies, and spatial data analysis methods for cancer researchers within the Texas Medical Center and around the state.

In other CPRIT funding news, three local medical institutions received a total of $8 million for recruitment of four cancer researchers.

MD Anderson received half of the $8 million from CPRIT. The money will go toward bring aboard:

  • Hojong Yoon. Yoon, recipient of a $2 million scholar recruitment award, is a postdoctoral student at the Cambridge, Massachusetts-based Broad Institute. The institute, affiliated with Harvard University and MIT, is a research organization. Yoon’s research focuses on targeted cancer therapy.
  • Marianna Trakala. Trakala, recipient of a $2 million scholar recruitment award, is a postdoctoral researcher at MIT’s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research. She is studying how small conditional RNA (scRNA) causes a response that triggers activation of the immune system and elimination of cancer cells from tissue.

The Baylor College of Medicine and the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston) each received one $2 million scholar recruitment award:

  • Louai Labanieh, a postdoctoral researcher at Stanford University’s Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, is joining the Baylor College of Medicine. Labanieh’s research involves engineering next-generation cells to improve cancer immunotherapy.
  • Yanjun Sun, a neuroscientist who is a postdoctoral scholar at Stanford, is joining UTHealth Houston.

In all, CPRIT recently doled out more than $60 million for cancer-fighting efforts around the state. Aside from the Baylor College of Medicine, MD Anderson, and UTHealth Houston, Rice University and Texas Southern University received CPRIT funding.

“By supporting the vital core facilities that researchers need, funding groundbreaking research, and deepening the bench of clinical trial investigators, CPRIT is fulfilling the promise central to our mission: We are helping Texans conquer cancer,” says Kristen Doyle, CEO of CPRIT.

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10 most-promising energy tech startups named at annual Houston event

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Investors from around the world again identified the most-promising energy tech startups at the Rice Alliance for Technology and Entrepreneurship's annual event.

"The recognition that Houston is the epicenter of energy transition is growing. It's something we are championing as much as possible so that the world can know exactly what we're doing," Paul Cherukuri, chief innovation officer at Rice University says at the 21st annual Energy Tech Venture Forum.

The event took place during the inaugural Houston Energy and Climate Startup Week, and nearly 100 startups from 23 states and seven countries pitched investors Wednesday, September 11, and Thursday, September 12. At the conclusion of the event, the investors decided on 10 companies deemed "most promising" from the presentations.

This year's selected companies are:

  • Revterra, a Houston-based company innovating within kinetic battery technology to enable faster and cleaner electric vehicle charging.
  • From Austin, 360 Mining is a modular data center provider for the oil and gas producers.
  • New York company Andium is a centralized and optimized operations platform for large energy companies.
  • Elementium Materials, a local Katy-based company, created its battery technology that originated out of MIT.
  • Splight is a San Mateo, California-based technology platform that provides real-time operational data based on inverter-based resources assets.
  • Los Angeles-based Mitico, one of the Rice Alliance Clean Energy Accelerator's class 4 participants, provides services and equipment for carbon capture through its granulated metal carbonate sorption technology.
  • From Cambridge, Massachusetts, Osmoses is changing the way molecular gas separations are performed within the chemical, petrochemical, and energy industries.
  • Rice Alliance Clean Energy Accelerator class 4 participant CORROLYTICS, based in Houston, has a corrosion detection and monitoring technology. The company also won over the crowd and secured the People's Choice win too.
  • Ardent, based in New Castle, Delaware, has developed a membrane technology for point-source carbon capture.
  • New Haven, Connecticut-based Oxylus Energy produces an alternative fuel from converting CO2 into green methanol.

Last year, investors named its selection of most-promising companies at Rice.

"We have a responsibility as a city to lead energy transition," Cherukuri continues. "A lot of the investments we're making at Rice are going to change the world."

Scientists use Houston rainwater to explore origins of life on Earth

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A flask of Houston’s rain helped answer a long-running question about the origin of cellular life.

The solution is proposed by two University of Houston scientists, William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical Engineering (UH ChBE) former grad student Aman Agrawal (now a postdoctoral researcher at University of Chicago’s Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering) and Alamgir Karim, UH Dow Chair and Welch Foundation Professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering, and director of both the International Polymer & Soft Matter Center and the Materials Engineering Program at UH. They were joined by UChicago PME Dean Emeritus Matthew Tirrell and Nobel Prize-winning biologist Jack Szostak in an article published last week in Scientific Advances.

For two decades, scientists like Szostak have hypothesized that RNA fragments were the first components of life to form in the Earth’s primordial seas 3.8 million years ago. Although DNA is an essential component of cellular life, it can’t fold proteins, making it unlikely to be the initial starting point. Since RNA can fold proteins, it could have been the catalyst for cellular growth and evolution.

The problem is that seawater molecules allow RNA to bond and change too quickly, often within minutes. Rapid dissipation means no segregation of material, and thus no evolution. Szostak himself proved in 2014 that regular seawater doesn’t allow RNA fragments to form the membranes necessary for cellular life.

Then along comes Agrawal. He wasn’t looking into the origin of life. He was an engineer studying the properties of complex liquids for his doctorate. Karim was his thesis adviser and introduced Agrawal to Tirrell, who brought up the RNA problem over a lunch and some theories about how if the water was distilled it may have solved it. Where would you get distilled water 3.8 billion years ago?

“I spontaneously said ‘rainwater,’” says Karim. “His eyes lit up and he was very excited at the suggestion. So, you can say it was a spontaneous combustion of ideas or ideation.”

Using RNA samples from Szostak, they saw that distilled water increased the differences in exchange rate between samples from minutes to days, long enough for the RNA to begin mutation.

Distilled lab water is nothing like prehistoric rain, though. Luckily, a typical Houston downpour occurred during the research. Agrawal and fellow UH graduate student, Anusha Vonteddu ran outside with beakers to collect some. The samples again formed meshy walls, separating the RNA and possibly showing how life began from these fragments billions of years ago.

“The molecules we used to build these protocells are just models until more suitable molecules can be found as substitutes,” Agrawal said. “While the chemistry would be a little bit different, the physics will remain the same.”

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This article originally ran on CultureMap.